all/both/each+ of y construcciones alternativas

1. all the town; all his life. all (of) these; all (of) Tom’s boys. both (of) the towns; both (of) his parents.

[«all» (pronombre) puede ir seguido de » ‘of + the/this/these/that/those/posesivos y nombres propios‘ » («construcción partitiva«). «both» (pronombre) + «of» puede usarse de la misma forma, con la «construcción partitiva,» pero solo con formas plurales. «of» se omite a menudo, especialmente con » ‘all’ + un nombre singular .» ]

2. all of it; both of them. all of it = it all; all of us = we all (sujeto), us all (objeto); all of you = you all; all of them = they all (sujeto), them all (objeto). both of us = we both / us both; both of them = they both, them both; All of them were broken = They were all broken; All of us went = We all went; Both of us went = We both went; We ate all the cakes = We ate all of them = We ate them all; We ate both the cakes = We ate both of them = We ate them both.

[Con «all / both + of + pronombre personal» «of» es obligatorio («all of it»; «both of them»). Pero «all / both + of + pronombre personal» puede reemplazarse por » ‘pronombre personal’ + ‘all’/’both’ «]

3. We are all waiting; You must both help me. We are all ready; We are both ready. Who is ready? – We all are / We both are. You all have maps; They both knew where to go.

[Cuando esta combinación de « ‘ pronombre + all / both’ » es sujeto de un tiempo compuesto el verbo auxiliar precede a «all»/»both» («We are all waiting,» You must both help me»). El verbo «be» también precede a «all»/»both,» excepto cuando se usa en respuestas breves («We are allready; we are both ready»; «Who is ready; we all/both are»). Otros auxiliares usados solos y los tiempos simples de los verbos ordinarios siguen a «all»/»both» («You all have maps,» «They both knew where to go».]

4. each of the boys; each of these. each of you = you each; each of us = we each (sujeto), us each (objeto); each of them: they each (sujeto), them each (objeto indirecto). We each sent in a report; They gave us each a form to fill in. Each of us has a map. We each have a map. They have each been questioned.

[«each,» como «both,» puede ir seguido de » ‘of + these/those etc.’ » (formas plurales solamente). «of» en esta construccion no puede omitirse. » ‘each of us/you/them» es reemplazable por » ‘pronombre + each’ «. » ‘ each of us/you/them’ » es singular («Each of us has a map»); » ‘we/you/they each’ » es plural («We each have a map»). Los verbos usados con we/you/they each siguen las reglas dadas en 3) para «all» y «both.»]